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N. CRADIT.

N *A Lamp.

y Patented Dec. 14, 1858.

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N. PETERS, Fhem-Limagmpher, washngien. D, C.

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NATHL. GRADIT, OF MPLEY, QHIO, AasSIGNQR TO. CHESTER G. ROBINSQN, OF.SOUTH nEADiNG, MASSACHUSETTS.'

LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 22,327, dated` December 14, i858.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, NATHANIEL CRADrr, of Ripley, Brown county, Ollio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I herebydeclare the following to be a full and exact description of the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to the class known as circular wick lamps andconsists, lst, in an arrangement of draft passages to maintain anequitable flow of air to the interior and exterior of the flamerespectively and to effectually consume volatile matters rising from theoil, and, 2nd, in an arrangement by which the wick may be inserted andregulated in height with equal facility to a flat wick.

.Figure l, is a perspective view of a lamp separated by an axialsection. Fig. 2, is a horizontal section at a, Fig. l. Fig. 3, is ahorizontal section at y, Fig. l. Fig. 4, is a detached perspective viewof the outer portion of the wick tube. Fig. 5, is a similar view of theinner portion.

A, is a screw neck of customary construction affording attachment for aperforated cylindrical ring B, called the` lower screen.

C, is a floor separating the lower and up` per draft passages l, 2.

E, is a perforated cylindrical ring denominated the upper screen, whichrests on a flange b projecting from the exterior of the lower screen B.

I-I, is the outer shell surrounding the wick.

I, is a .conical or cylindrical tube within which air is conducted tothe exterior of the wick.

The wick tube is constructed as follows: The outer shell H, has the formbelow of a rectangular prism merging` toward the upper end into the formof a truncated cone. lithin this shell is ittedabox K, M, P, Q,rectangular below and circular' above as represented. The bottom K, ofthis box is perforated to permit the ascent of the com` bined air andgases from the reservoir into the central draft passage also to admitthe working of the rod or stem l, of the bottom Il. The ends W, of thebox fit tightly in the shell H, and support the shaft N, which isemployed to elevate the button and the shafts O, Q", of the two sets ofpinions 0',` o by which the wick is: elevated or depressed. Between thesides I?, and Q, of the box and the corresponding concavity of the shellare formed two flat passages 4 Il which unite in a single cylindrical orannular passage 5 above. The perforated bottom K, may be entirelydispensed with if desired.

Operation: The air tobe supplied to the exterior of the wick entersthrough the upper screen E, and is deflected downward by the tube I,passing under the lower end of the said tube and upward through theinterior of the same to the top where it is deflected toward the flame.In the illustration here given the tube I, flares downward so as toeifectually arrest and equalize any sudden draft of air entering throughthe screen E. The `air to supply the central draft enters through thelower screen B, and passes downward through the ports 3 into thereservoir D, where it mingles with the gases rising from the oil andwith them is drawn upward through the perforated floor K, to theinterior of the tube Q, and is there by means of the button L, deflectedtoward the flame.

The usual modes heretofore adopted for supplying the center draft havebeen either to conduct it through a bent tube from the top of the lampdown within the reservoir and thence into the central tube or from belowthe reservoir up through a straight central tube as in the common Argandburner or as in the Knapp lamp through ports passing between the wicksand comn'iunicating with the same perforations which supply the outsidedraft.

The advantages of my method of separating the outside from the centerdraft and conveying the latter through the cavity of the reservoir areas follows: lst. The flame is not materially aHected by strong currentsof air on the outside. 2nd. All the gases generated within the reservoirare drawn up through the central draft tube to the flame and thereconsumed; which results in a better light from a lamp of given size, asaving of fuel and the avoidance of danger of explosion in case of thegases being entirely confined and of the inconvenience of smoking whenpartially so. It is also found by experience that the burning of thegases from the oil tends to preserve the wick from crustation and alsopre\f'ents,the escape of unpleasant effluvia.

It will be observed that by the described Q, conducting the air andgases from thence to the interior of the wick as explained.

The boX M P Q, and shell H, in the described combina-tion with tworectilinear sets of wick elevating pinions or their equivalents by whichtwo flat wicks are converted into one circular wick as set forth.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set iny hand.

N. CRADIT.

Attest:

B. WV. ROBINSON, GEO. H. KNIGHT.

